What psychological factor is primarily associated with hereditary influences in growth and development?

The correct choice is primarily associated with hereditary influences in growth and development is genetics. Genetics plays a crucial role in determining various physical and psychological traits in individuals. It encompasses the hereditary information passed down from parents to offspring, including traits such as height, temperament, and predisposition to certain health conditions.

Genetics influences not just physical characteristics but also psychological factors such as intelligence, personality disorders, and susceptibility to mental health disorders. These inherited attributes set the foundation for an individual's potential and can interact with environmental factors later in life, but the core attributes stem from genetic makeup.

In contrast, nutrition, environment, and physical activity are significant factors that influence growth and development but are not primarily linked to hereditary influences. Nutrition pertains to the intake of food and its effects on health, environment refers to the surrounding conditions that can affect a person, and physical activity is related to the movement and exercise levels of an individual. While these factors can significantly shape development, they do so through interactions with the genetic predispositions that an individual has inherited.