What is considered the best method for studying information effectively?

Studying effectively often involves using techniques that enhance retention and understanding over time. Taking a break after a period of focused study, such as studying for an hour followed by a break, is widely recognized as one of the best methods for several reasons. This approach allows the brain to process and consolidate the information learned during the study session. Breaks can prevent cognitive fatigue, which can decrease attention and retention.

During the break, one's mind can continue to work on integrating the material subconsciously, making it easier to recall the information later. This method also aligns with principles such as the Pomodoro Technique, which promotes intervals of focused work followed by short breaks to maximize productivity and retention.

In contrast, studying continuously for three hours without breaks can lead to diminishing returns, as attention spans may wane and comprehension can decline over time. Simply reading and highlighting text does not engage the material deeply enough, as it often leads to superficial processing rather than meaningful understanding. Lastly, only reviewing notes before exams may result in cramming, which is typically not effective for long-term retention or comprehensive understanding of the material.