Which of the following are central elements present in any communication process?

The selection of sender, message, and receiver as central elements in any communication process is rooted in fundamental communication theory. The sender is the individual or entity conveying the information; the message is the actual content or information being communicated; and the receiver is the person or group for whom the message is intended. This triadic relationship forms the backbone of effective communication because it outlines the essential components required for information to be transmitted and understood.

Without a sender, there is no information to communicate; without a message, there can be no transmission of ideas or data; and without a receiver, the message lacks an audience to interpret it. This basic structure is applicable across various contexts, including interpersonal interactions, educational settings, and broader healthcare communication.

In other options, while they touch upon aspects of communication, they may not represent the core model as effectively. For instance, elements such as encoding, decoding, and interpretation address the processes involved in understanding messages, but they do not represent the fundamental entities that form the basis of the communication exchange. Similarly, the notions of context and feedback are important aspects of communication but are secondary to the primary framework of sender, message, and receiver. Understanding these fundamental elements lays the groundwork for exploring more complex dynamics in communication.